Modern cloud environments are increasingly complex distributed systems with numerous software components. The challenge of maintaining moving parts and tracking changes in your AWS systems continues to grow but there are solutions. Some natural questions are:

• How can you understand, at a high level, what is happening in your cloud?
• Can you track usage trends over time?
• Can you debug any issues that might arise?
• Can you search through logs without combing through files on many disks?

The answer to each is yes you can! A sophisticated tool called a log aggregation system gathers operational information and logs from across your entire cloud. The log aggregation system is an advanced DevOps technique that enables you to quickly search your logs and graph any trends arising from structured logs.

In this Lab, you will create a distributed, scalable log aggregation system within AWS running on Amazon OpenSearch Service. This Log Aggregation System will ingest as many of your CloudWatch log stream events as you want, events generated from AWS EC2 Instances, Lambda functions, Databases, and anything else you want to submit log events from.

Please note, this lab involves creating an Amazon OpenSearch Service domain, which can take up to twenty minutes to finish setting up. Please make sure you have enough time available before starting this lab.

Learning Objectives

Upon completion of this Lab, you will be able to:

• Compare and contrast the log analysis capabilities in CloudWatch Logs and Elastic Stack, particularly OpenSearch and Kibana
• Subscribe the Amazon OpenSearch Service to CloudWatch and automatically stream log events to OpenSearch
• Search and discover log events using Kibana
• Create Kibana visualizations and dashboards to monitor the state of your cloud

Intended Audience

• Candidates for the AWS Certified DevOps Engineer Professional certification
• DevOps Engineers
• Cloud Architects

Prerequisites

Familarity with the following will be beneficial but is not required:

• Amazon OpenSearch Service (OSS)
• Amazon CloudWatch
• AWS Lambda

The following content can be used to fulfill the prerequisites:

• How to Implement & Enable Logging Across AWS Services (Part 1 of 2)
• How to Implement & Enable Logging Across AWS Services (Part 2 of 2)
• Understanding AWS Lambda to Run & Scale Your Code

Updates

February 5th, 2024 - Updated the instructions and screenshots to reflect the latest UI

May 27th, 2023 - Updated Node.js version

May 4th, 2023 - Updated the instructions and screenshots to reflect the latest UI

March 1st, 2023 - Updated AWS Lambda screenshots to match the latest user interface changes

February 10th, 2023 - Minor changes to improve the lab

September 28th, 2022 - Resolved an issue regarding OpenSearch Domain creation 

May 10th, 2022 - Updated OpenSearch Domain configuration to reduce provisioning time

April 29th, 2022 - Updated the instructions and screenshots to reflect the latest UI

April 14th, 2022 - Added a check for the OpenSearch Domain lab step

December 20th, 2021 - Updated screenshots to reflect the latest Kibana interface experience

December 14th, 2021 - Updated screenshots to reflect the latest interface experience

December 1st, 2021 - Update Amazon OpenSearch Service domain creation instructions to reflect latest user interface changes

September 10th, 2021 - Updated lab to reflect the renaming of ElasticSearch to OpenSearch by Amazon

April 28th, 2021 - Updated the Amazon Elastic Search domain version to the latest available

March 10th, 2021 - Updated AWS Lambda screenshots and instructions to reflect the latest user-interface changes

November 11th, 2020 - Fixed an issue preventing the creation of the ElasticSearch domain

October 1st, 2020 - Updated some instructions to make them clearer, updated some screenshots to match new UI

May 27th, 2020 - Updated a lab step's instructions to account for long Elasticsearch deployment times

October 4th, 2019 - Because of CloudFormation changes, we have updated instructions and screenshots.

May 9th, 2019 - Removed unnecessary permissions from the Lambda DynamoDB role and improved the explanation of how Lambda functions map to CloudWatch log streams

January 11th, 2019 - Fixed an issue that caused the streaming of CloudWatch Logs to ElasticSearch to fail

January 10th, 2019 - Added a validation Lab Step to check the work you perform in the Lab

June 5, 2018 - Complete update (easier to follow instructions and screenshots, update to Elastic Stack version 6)