Hello there dear friends. In this video, we will work together to complete a practice exam that will reinforce the concepts we have learned. Let's begin with the first question if you're ready. The Factory Method design pattern is handy when a client must create objects having different_____ Fill in the blank. A, ancestors; B, dimensions; C, subclasses; D, similarities. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. The factory method design pattern is useful when a client needs to create objects with different subclasses. The factory method design pattern is not useful in these situations. Therefore the correct answer is C. So, let's go on to the next question. Which design pattern in the following options limits the number of instances the class can create?

A, limiter; B, strategy; C, singleton; D, command. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. The other options do not limit the number of instances a class can create. The singleton pattern limits the number of instances a class can create. Therefore the correct answer is C. All right, let's look at the next question. Iterators are useful when dealing with which of the following types of classes? A, singleton; B, dynamic; C, collection; D, small. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. Iterators are useful when dealing with collection classes. Therefore the correct answer is C. Let's go on to the next question. What is the pattern that separates the client from concrete classes? A, isolator; B, abstract factory; C, state; D, prototype. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, B is the correct answer. The abstract factory isolates the client from concrete application classes. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Let's go on to the next question. Which of the following models makes it easier for you to add new types of components? A, proxy; B, flyweight; C, Visitor; D, composite. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. That's right, D is the correct answer. Composite makes it easy to add new types of components. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Let's go on to the next question. Which model provides a simple interface to a complex subsystem. A, facade; B, bridge; C, state; D, proxy. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. A is the correct answer. Facade provides a simple interface to a complex subsystem. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Let's go on to the next question. Which model allows for different variations of an algorithm? A, memento; B, variation; C, strategy; D, flyweight. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. C is the correct answer. Strategy allows for different algorithm variations. Therefore the correct answer is C. Let's go on to the next question. Which of the following patterns can be used to notify an object when another object changes? A, observer; B, subscriber; C, publisher; D, memento. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. The observer can be informed when another object changes. So, the correct answer is A. Let's go on to the next question. What is also known as the abstract factory pattern? A, kit; B, virtual constructor; C, wrapper; D, cursor. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. The abstract factory pattern is also known as the kit. Therefore the answer is A. All right, next question. Which of the following models can be used when a class cannot predict the type of objects it should create? A, command; B, abstract factory; C, factory method; D, chain of responsibility. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. The factory method pattern can be used when a class cannot predict the type of objects it should create. As a result, the correct answer is C. So, let's go on to the next question. Which model is also known as a virtual constructor? A, memento; B, wrapper; C, abstract factory; D, factory method. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. All right, D is the correct answer. The factory method pattern is also known as virtual constructor. Therefore the correct answer is D. Let's go on to the next question. Which model separates function from implementation? A, proxy; B, bridge; C, observer; D, decorator. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, B is the correct answer. Other options cannot be used to address the required feature. The bridge model separates the function from the application, therefore the correct answer is B. All right, on to the next question. What is also known as the Adapter model? A, surrogate; B, Wrapper; C, token; D, proxy. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, B is the correct answer. The Adapter model is also known as the wrapper. Therefore the correct answer is B. Let's go on to the next question. Which model provides a single interface to simplify many subsystem interfaces? A, proxy; B, adapter; C, facade; D, bridge. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. As we learned in the facade video, the facade model provides a single interface to simplify multiple interfaces in a subsystem. Therefore the correct answer is C. Let's go on to the next question. Which pattern is also known as the Handle/Body? A, proxy; B, abstract factory; C, bridge; D, adapter. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. Other options are not valid aliases for Handle/Body. The bridge pattern is also known as the Handle/Body. Therefore the correct answer is C. All right, on to the next question. Which model reduces coupling and allows a set of classes to behave like one? A, chain of responsibility; B, command; C, memento; D, factory method. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. The chain of responsibility model reduces coupling and allows a set of classes to behave as if they were one. So, the correct answer is A. Let's go on to the next question. What is also known as the decorator pattern? A, wrapper; B, adapter; C, composite; D, strategy. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. A is the correct answer. The decorator pattern is also known as the wrapper. Therefore the answer is A. Let's go on to the next question. Which pattern code is a common technique for reuse? A, template method; B, command; C, singleton; D, state. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. Other options cannot be used to address the required feature. The template method pattern is a very common technique for reusing code. So, the answer is A. Let's go on to the next question. Which pattern is also known as surrogate? A, proxy; B, observer; C, bridge; D, decorator. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. Proxy pattern is also known as surrogate. Therefore the correct answer is A. Let's go on to the next question. What is also known as the command pattern? A, action; B, transaction; C, wrapper; D, surrogate. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, the correct answers are A and B. The other options are not valid command aliases. The command pattern is also known as action or transaction. Therefore the correct answers are A and B. Let's go on to the next question. The command design pattern ______ a request in an object. Fill in the blank in the question. A, separates; B, decouples; C, encapsulates; D, processes. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. The command design pattern encapsulates a request in an object. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Let's go on to the next question. Which of the following options is an element of the Gang of Four design pattern format? A, problem; B, solution; C, consequences; D, intent. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, the correct answers are C and D. The other options are not valid items in the design pattern format. Consequences and intent are valid items in the design pattern format. As a result, the correct answers are C and D. Let's move on. Which of the following aspects can prevent the thread tracker model from working? A, Java specification; B, target environment; C, logging tool and use; D, interceptor annotation. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, B is the correct answer. The target environment may prevent the thread tracker model from working. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Let's go onto the next question. Which of the following requirements is suitable for the singleton model? A, establishing a load order for servlets; B, implementing a per-JVM instance; C, implementing a per-server instance; D, A and B; E, B and C. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, B is the correct answer. Implementing one instance per-JVM is the correct requirement for the singleton pattern. So, the correct answer is B. Let's move onto the next question. To create a suitable payload extractor, you must guarantee: A, transactions cannot be undone; B, consumed messages will be forwarded; C, the load is not large; D, the message type is valid. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, B is the correct answer. The other options are not must have guarantees for a suitable payload extractor. To create a suitable payload extractor, you must guarantee that the consumed messages will be delivered. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Let's go onto the next question. Which annotation defines a prerequisite class for the annotated class? A, @Attach; B, @DependsOn; C, @Inject; D, @Depends. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, B is the correct answer. @DependsOn is the correct annotation for a prerequisite class to be called from the annotated class. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Let's go onto the next question. The service and gateway patterns are: fill in the blank in the question. A, interchangeable; B, least popular; C, fungible; D, direct opposites. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, D is the correct answer. Service and gateway patterns are directly opposite. So the correct answer is direct opposites. Let's go onto the next question. Which model ensures that a session bean is executed at deployment time? A, service starter; B, resource binder; C context holder; D, singleton. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. Other options do not ensure the execution of a session core at deployment time. The service starter model enables a session core to be executed at deployment time. So, the correct answer is A. Let's move on. Which of the following can include JNDI services and provide them for non-Java EE clients? A, resource binder; B, singleton; C, bean locator; D, persistent domain object. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. The bean locator model includes JNDI services and also provides them for non-Java EE clients. So, the correct answer is C. Let's move onto the next question. Which of the following patterns can be used to save custom resources to the application server? A, Resource Binder; B, Bean Locator; C, Persistent Domain Object; D, Singleton. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. The resource binder model can be used to save custom resources to the application server. Therefore, the answer is A. Let's go onto the next question. Which of the following models would you choose to allow Spring components to participate in the transaction and security context of an EJB? A, Context Holder; B, Dependency Injection Extender; C, Thread Tracker; D, Gateway. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, B is the correct answer. The dependency injection extender pattern allows spring components to participate in the transaction and security context of an EJB. So, the correct answer is B. Let's go onto the next question. Which of the following models is used to validate an asynchronous message payload to avoid the hot potato anti-pattern? A, Payload Extractor; B, Asynchronous Resource Integrator; C, Context Holder; D, Resource Binder. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. The payload extractor model is used to verify an asynchronous message payload to avoid the hot potato anti-pattern. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Let's go onto the next question. Which of the following patterns is used to share data portability between participants in a transaction? A, Persistent Domain Object; B, Data Transfer Object; C, Context Holder; D, Gateway. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. The context keeper model is used to share data portable between participants in a transaction. The other options do not share data portably between participants in a transaction. So, the correct answer is C. Let's move onto the next question. Which of the following patterns makes it easy to define functions and instances for a service thread in a log file? A, Log4j; B, Context Holder; C, Thread Tracker; D, Resource Binder. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. The other options do not make it easier to identify service thread functions and instances in a log. Identify the user of the Leaky Law of Abstraction or specific contrast pattern in a specific scenario. The thread monitor pattern makes it easy to identify service thread functions and instances in the log. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Let's go onto the next question. Which of the following options most accurately summarizes the Law of Leaky Abstractions? A, code that relies entirely on complex abstract interfaces can be an anti pattern; B, all obstructions are anemic and leaky; C, the software will fail in the long run; D, this is the only reason for anti-patterns, pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. The Law of Leaky Abstractions in summary states that code based on a purely abstract interface can be an anti-pattern. None of the other options provide a good summary of the law of leaky abstractions. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Let's go on to the next question. What option makes it difficult to identify the hot potato anti-pattern? A, the server is located outside of an air conditioned environment; B, queues transmit one message at a time; C, message-oriented kernels are not easily debugged; D, the message server is remote. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, B is the correct answer. Queues transmitting one message at a time make the hot potato anti-pattern difficult to identify. So, the correct answer is B. Let's look at the next question. What anti-pattern defines the scenario where the business logic is applied separately from the domain objects or data on which it runs? A, Fat Object; B, Monolithic Consumer; C, Hot Potato; D Anemic Domain Model. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, D is the correct answer. The anemic domain model anti-pattern describes the scenario where the business logic is implemented separately from the domain objects or data on which it runs. So, the correct answer is D. Let's move on to the next question. Which of the following options is the anti pattern that describes the observed slow performance scenario for a method and a component that connects to a database, performs a query and then disconnects from the database? A, Anemic Query Model; B, Inadequate Covering Key; C, Missing Index; D Not Pooling Connections. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, D is the correct answer. Anti-pattern not joining connections describes the scenario where performance is observed to be slow for a method in a component that connects to a database, performs a query, and then disconnects from the database. So, the correct answer is D. Let's go on to the next question. What anti-pattern might exist in the case where you have highly static resources that are called and used over and over again? A, Cashless Cow. B, Time to Live. C, Sledgehammer for a Fly. D, Bazooka for a Fly. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. If you have highly static resources that are called and used repeatedly, the no cache cow anti-pattern may be present. So, the correct answer is A. Let's go on to the next question. What option would potentially lead to an anti- pattern if an EJB component was used instead of POJO for all business logic, regardless of complexity? A, Sledgehammer for a Fly. B, Monolithic Consumer. C, Conversational Baggage. or D, Bazooka for a Fly. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. If an EJB component is used instead of POJO for all business logic regardless of complexity, it is likely that a fly anti-pattern will occur for sledgehammer. So, the correct answer is A. All right, let's go on to the next question. What anti-pattern is there when all JSP pages have URLs and file references? A, Including Common Functionality. B, Conversational Baggage. C, Embedded Navigational Information. D, Ad Lib Taglibs. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. The other options are not the accepted anti-patterns that exist in the given situation. Embedded navigational information anti-pattern is available when all JSP pages have URL and file references. So, the correct answer is C. Let's go on to the next question. Your company uses a payroll application that was developed using Java technologies. The company has acquired another company and plans to integrate its payroll process into the existing application. You have been asked to implement this integration. You notice that the business logic used to calculate payroll differs in both companies. Which design pattern would be the most appropriate to use in this integration? A, Strategy. B, Payload Extractor. C, Fly Weight. D, Composite. E, Service Locator. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. As we have learned in the strategy pattern video, we can use strategy pattern to define a family of algorithms, encapsulate each one as an object and make them transposable. All right, let's go on to the next question. Serengeti Trading Company is starting to develop a new system that allows its participants residing anywhere in the world to buy and sell products in an auction style. The Serengeti's primary aim is to ensure that all participants are treated absolutely equally in all respects. This includes allocating resources to each participant, so that they do not affect each other. The Serengeti has enough funds to procure whatever it takes in the tech budget to achieve its goal. Which of the options and solutions would you recommend? A, Stateless session beans (SLSB). B, Message driven beans (MDB). C, BMP entity beans. D, Stateful session beans (SFSB). Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, D is the correct answer. These other options do not solve the main purpose of allocating resources to a user. Stateful session cores allow a Java EE application to access and retain resources for a user for the lifetime of their session. So, the correct answer is D. Let's go on to the next question. A sample application needs to read messages from a JMS queue, call a web service using the data provided in the message and pass the data from the web service feedback into a database table. For this, what kind of EJB should you use? A, Message driven bean (MDB). B, Stateful session bean (SFSB). C, Stateless session bean (SLSB) or D, Entity class. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. These other options are not read asynchronously from a JMS queue, but can be invoked by a message driven bean to execute the required work. The message oriented bean reads from a JMS queue and starts the job. So, the correct answer is A. Let's go on to the next question. If you are going to follow best practices for the Java EE architecture, where would you place the business rules and usability accordingly? A, Java servlets. B, Enterprise beans (EJB). C, JAX.WS web services. D, JAX.RS Web services. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, B is the correct answer. Servlets and web services are not architecturally the best places for business rules and functionality. Enterprise beans are the architectural best practice position for business rules and functionality. So, the answer is B. All right, let's go on with the next question. Which of the following options would you recommend for the logic of operation for a highly accessible, complex transaction system? A, Use JPA. B, Use a web-centric architecture. C, Use stateful session beans, or D, Use session beans with JPA. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, D is the correct answer. A web-centric approach basically means no transactional support. JPA by itself does not provide transaction support. The need for stateful architecture is not mentioned, so there is no need for stateful session cores. Session beans with JPA have the required processing support. Therefore, the correct answer is D. All right, let's go on to the next question. If you are designing an application that will be used by a large number of users, which of the following types of EJBs should you avoid as much as possible? A, Stateful session bean (SFSB). B, Stateless session bean (SLSB). C, Message-driven bean (MDB). D, Entity bean. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. The EJB container needs a stateful session bean instance for every concurrent user. So, such resource intensive core should be avoided unless the requirements are strictly necessary. As a result, the correct answer is A. So let's go on to the next question. ABC Corp is a small B2C reverse auction online business. You've been asked to recommend a persistent strategy for their new platform, which is a greenfield project with no existing code or database schema. The top priorities are ease of development and integration with the EJB 3. What would you recommend on the subject? A, JDBC. B, CMP entity beans. C, BMP entity beans. D, JPA. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, D is the correct answer. JPA offers the best integration with EJB 3 and was designed with ease of development in mind. So, the correct answer is D. All right, let's go on to the next question. Which of the following is not considered a benefit of JPA persistence technology? A, Callable outside of the EJB container. B, Utilizes POJOs. C, Works with NoSQL data sources. D, Eliminates JNDI lookups. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. JPA does not work with NoSQL applications. So, the correct answer is C. All right, let 's move on. Which of the following options is not considered a benefit of CMP persistence technology? A, It takes less time to develop than others. B, Container generates SQL. C, Can be switched to JPA later on, or D, Deeper knowledge of SQL is required. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, D is the correct answer. Deeper SQL knowledge is not required, but may be useful. So, the correct answer is D. Let's go on to the next question. You have been commissioned to advise a company with a view to making some of its existing EJB-based business functions available to external customers in the near future. What advice would you give if security is not taken into account? A, Create a Java servlet that calls EJB. B, Create a JSP that calls EJB. C, Expose an existing EJB as a web service, or D, Create a JAX-WS web service that calls EJB. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. B is not the wrong approach, but the disregard for security combined with the time pressure to deliver, makes it an inappropriate approach. A and D do not expose a web service interface. Making an existing EJB available as a web service can be done quickly and is the best choice without security considerations. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Let's go on to the next question. Which of the following options is a disadvantage of calling web services from an EJB component? A, it is against the preferred architectural approach; B, it increases the validity of the data; C, increased productivity; or D, increased security. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, A is the correct answer. Calling a web service from an EJB component is considered against the preferred architectural approach of using an integration layer. So, the correct answer is A, as it is against the preferred architectural approach. Let's move on to the next question. An existing application heavily uses EJB 2.0 CMP asset kernels. The app has no major issues in production and little development is planned for the future. You were asked to recommend a method to adopt when making minor changes to the application. What would you recommend on the subject? A, JPA entity classes; B, CMP entity beans; C, use DAO accessing JDBC directly; D, BMP entity beans. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, B is the correct answer. BMP entity beans options introduce important new code that should be fully regression tested. For a very stable application that doesn't require a lot of new development, it's unwise to engage in significantly more development. It is a pragmatic approach to continue using the EJB 2.0 CMP asset cores. So, the correct answer is B. Let's move on to the next question. You are responsible for architecting a new Java EE application that executes data represented in Java objects in a relational database. Which of the following options would you recommend? A, use DAO accessing JDBC directly; B, JPA entity classes; C, BMP entity beans; D, CMP entity beans. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. I'll give the answer shortly. Yes, B is the correct answer. The recommended approach is to use JPA entity classes for persistent Java objects in a relational database. So, the correct answer is B. Let's move on to the next question. In this question a simple program is given and it is asked what the output of this program will be. Here, stop the video and try to find the output of this program yourself. I will answer the question shortly. Yes, if you chose option E as the output you answered correctly. Let's examine the question now. A class named car is defined. This class has two instance variables. The first is of type string and is called color, and the second is of type boolean and is called isAutomatic. Then an object of this class is created in the main method. Therefore, color and isAutomatic properties can be accessed with this object. And there are two print methods here. In the first print method, the value of the color variable is printed to the console. Since the color variable has not been assigned a value yet, it has a null value by default because the string data type is null by default. In the second print method, the value of the isAutomatic variable is printed to the console. Since this variable has not been assigned a value yet, we see the default value of the Boolean data type that is false on the console. As a result, the program will compile successfully with the output Color: null isAutomatic? false printed to the console. Let's move on to the next question. In this question, two variables are defined in the main method and the values of these variables are printed on the console. Let's find out what the output of the program can be. Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself. And I'll answer the question shortly. Yes, the correct answer is E. Notice that these variables are created inside the method. So, these are local variables. Local variables must be initialized to print to the console. Otherwise you'll get a compilation error. So, on lines 5 and 6 we get a compilation error and therefore the program cannot compile. The answer is option E. Let's move on to the next question. In this question, it wants us to determine which of the following method naming conventions is invalid? Here, you can pause the video and answer the question and I'll be giving the answer shortly. Yes, the B and C options are not valid in accordance with the method naming convention. Now let's examine the options one by one. In option A, JAVA is written in capital letters. This is valid, since the word Java is not a keyword, it will still be valid even if it is written in lowercase. Therefore, this nomenclature is valid. In option B, the method name starts with a digit. However, method names cannot start with a digit, therefore, this name is invalid and will cause a compilation error. A special character is used in option C. The @ sign is a special character in Java. Therefore, it cannot be used in variable or method naming. In option D, the method name starts with an underscore. This is legal. Also if only the word public were used, it would be invalid. But since an underscore is used at the beginning of the method name, this is now valid naming. In option E, the first letter private is used. This is also valid. If the word private consisted of all lower case letters, then it would be included in the keyword group in Java and it cannot be used for naming. But since the first letters capitalized in Java is a case sensitive language, this no longer causes any errors. As a result, the names given in options B and C are not valid and will cause a compilation error. Let's move onto the next question. This question is about ordering elements in a class in Java. The question asks, which of these is correctly defined? Here, you can pause the video and answer the question, and I'll be giving the answer shortly. Yes, if you chose option D, your answer is correct. Let's now examine the options one by one. In option A import is used after class but import should be used after the package definition and before the class definition. Therefore, this definition will cause a compilation error. In option B the import statement is used before the package definition. This is also an incorrect usage. The package definition should come first. Therefore, this definition also causes a compilation error. In option C, the class definition is used before the package and import definitions. This is also the wrong order and will cause a compilation error. In option D, the package name is written first and then the class definition is made. This is the correct ordering. It doesn't matter if the import statement exists or not, but if you are going to use the import statement, you should use it after the package name and before the class definition. So, the correct answer is option D. Let's move on to the next question. This question is about the import concept. The question is, which correctly imports the Animals class from the package com.academy? Here, you can pause the video and answer the question, and I'll be giving the answer shortly. Yes, the correct answer is given an option C. Now, let's examine the options one by one. . In option A, the expression com.academy is used after the import keyword. However, this is incorrect usage and will cause a compilation error because the whole package appears to be imported instead of the class, which is incorrect. Only one type can be imported. In option B, an asterisk is used after com.academy, but a dot must be used before the star. So, this will also cause a compilation error. Importing the Animals class in the C option is done correctly. Also, a star could be used instead of Animals here. If we use the star, we would have imported all the classes in the academy package. This way, we only import the Animals class. Since the question asks about importing the Animals class, this option contains the statement that correctly imports the Animals class. In option D, the places of the star and the dot are changed again. The dot should be placed after the word academy and then a star should be used. So, the correct definition is given in option C. Let's move on to the next question. This question is about local classes. Some expressions about local classes are given in the options. The question asks us to find which statement regarding local classes is false. Here, you can pause the video and answer the question and I'll be giving the answer shortly. Yes, if you selected option B, you have given the correct answer. Now let's examine the options one by one. In option A, it says that the scope of local classes is limited by the block in which they are defined. This is true, because of this feature, they are called local classes. In option B, it is said that we can access non-final variables defined in the block containing the local class from within the local class. The trick here is that this feature comes with Java 8. Before Java 8, in order to access the variable in the block containing the local class, this variable had to be defined as final. We cannot say that the statement is correct as it does not specify this detail here. In option C, it says that if we define local classes inside a method, we can access the methods parameters. This is true. We have already mentioned this while describing local classes. In option D, it says local classes are not static. This is true. If they are static then they cannot access the instance members of the class they are in. As a result, we cannot say that the statement in option B is correct due to missing information, but the statements in the other options are true. Alright, let's move onto the next question. This question is about the use of the final variables in a switch case statement a variable of type integer is given and this variable is controlled by the switch case. The question is, what will be the output of this code? Pause the video and try to solve it yourself. I'll be giving the answer shortly. Yes, your answer is correct if you chose option C. If you remember only constant expressions were allowed as the case parameter in the switch case structure, if variables A and B were not defined as final, we would get a compilation error on line 7 and 8, but once variable is declared as final it is now a constant. Therefore, we can use A and B in the cases here. The variable we are checking in the switch (c), and the value of C is 9, but since there is no such value in these cases, the code and the default statement will work and Hello will be printed to the console. In addition, since the break keyword is not used in default in case 1, the program will continue to progress and the statements in case 1 and case 2 will be printed to the console. Therefore, the statement 'Hello Java Developers' is printed on the console screen, the correct answer is option C. Let's move onto the next question. This question is about the while loop, but its outcome depends on the use of the final keyword. A variable of type boolean is declared and this variable is defined as final, then this variable is initialized with the false value. Finally, using the while loop, some messages were attempted to be printed to the console. The question is, what will be the output of this code? Pause the video here and try to find the answer yourself. I'll be giving the answer shortly. Yes, if you selected option B, your answer is correct because it's an infinite loop and writes Hello to the console forever. I'll explain this now. Notice that using the final keyword, the boolean variable a is declared first and initialized in the next line. If we had defined this variable as an instance of the class, not in the main method, we would not be able to write it this way since we need to initialize the final variables, but when we define it this way it becomes a local variable and we do not get any errors. Another point is that if we set the value of variable A here at the declare stage, that is at line four, then the second print method would not be reachable. The value of variable A will always be false and cannot be changed again. Therefore, the program will never be able to exit the while loop and the second print method will never be reached. However, since the declaration is made first and then the initialization is done, such a situation will not arise and the program will work successfully. Since the logical complement operator is used in the while condition, this condition will be true and the while loop will run forever. So , the Hello statement will be printed on the console forever. The second print method is outside of the while loop. Because no scope is specified with curly braces, only the first print method is accepted inside the loop. The other method is outside the loop. As a result, this code is compiled and Hello is printed to the console forever. Got it? Alright, let's move onto the next question. This question is about inheritance. Two classes are given in the same package. The class named car inherits from the class named vehicle. Also the constructor is defined in both classes. And in the class named car, an object from the vehicle class was created with the keyword new in the main method and the number 120 was passed as the constructor parameter. The question is, what will be the output of this code? Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself, and then we'll be solving this question together shortly. Yes, if your answer is option D, you have given the correct answer since this code will not compile. Now, let's look at why option D is the correct answer, ie, why this code cannot compile? Notice that the constructor in the vehicle class is not an empty constructor but a constructor with a parameter. Therefore, in the car class that inherits from the vehicle class, this constructor must be called with the super call statement, otherwise, you will get a compilation error. If the super class vehicle had only an empty constructor, then the code will be compiled without a compilation error. As a result, this code will not compile as it is. The correct answer is option D. Let's move onto the next question. Yes, this question is about inheritance. Two classes are given in the same package. The class named car inherits from the class named vehicle. Also, the constructor is defined in both classes. And in the class named car, an object from the car class was created with the keyword new in the main method, and the number 100 was passed as the constructor parameter. The question is what will be the output of this code? Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself, and then we'll be solving this question together shortly. Yes, if your answer is option C, you have given the correct answer. Let's examine the question now. Notice that there is a constructor in the super class vehicle and this constructor has a parameter of type int, therefore, this constructor must be called with a super call in the car class which inherits from the vehicle class, and this calling has been done correctly. This code will compile successfully as there are no emissions or errors in other parts of the code. So, what will be written on the console screen? Let's look at this now. If you notice, an object of the car class is being created in the main method. So, the construct of the car class will be called. When we look at the constructor of the car class, first there is the super call statement, then the print method that prints the car statement to the console. That is, since the super call statement is called first, it will call a super classes constructor, that is, the vehicle classes constructor. Since there is a print method in the constructor of the vehicle class that prints the expression vehicle to the console, first, the vehicle will be printed to the console and then the car statement. Therefore, the correct answer is option C.

Let's move onto the next question. In this question, there is an interface called canGo, and in this interface, there is an abstract method called getSpeed. We also have an abstract class called Vehicle, which implements the canGo interface. In the Vehicle class, there is an abstract method called getYear. Finally, a class named Car was created and this class extends the Vehicle class. The getYear method is used in this class and the value of 2022 is returned. The question asks us to choose the correct statement about this code block. Pause the video here and try to answer it yourself. I'll be giving the answer shortly. Yes, your answer is correct if you chose option D. This code cannot be compiled due to line 5. Now, let's look at why. In line 2 an abstract method is created in the canGo interface. This is legal since methods and interfaces can be abstract, also since this method has nobody it is defined correctly. So, there is no error in line 2. Let's look at the vehicle class. Since the vehicle class that implements the canGo interface is abstract, it does not need to override the getSpeed method and the canGo interface, and the getYear method in it is also defined as abstract. Therefore, there is no error here either. But the car class that extends the vehicle class must override the abstract methods in its super classes. Notice that only the getYear abstract method in the vehicle super class is overridden. However, the getSpeed method and the canGo interface is not implemented. In this case, the compiler will underline the car class and tell us that there is a compiler error. There are two different ways to fix this error. The first is to override the getSpeed method in the car class, just like the getYear method. The second is to make the car class abstract as well. Both of these solutions will fix the compilation error, but this code cannot be compiled as it is. Therefore, the correct answer is option D. All right, let's move onto the next question. This question is about the interface. Some modifiers are given in the options. The question asks which modifier is implicitly implemented in all interface methods. Pause the video here and try to answer it yourself, I'll be giving the answer shortly. Yes, your answer is correct if you selected option A. Now let's examine the options one by one. The public access modifier is given an option A. The public modifier is implicitly applied to all methods in an interface. even if you do not define the method as public. Private access modifier is given an option B, and the protected modifier is given an option C. However, these modifiers cannot be applied to a method inside an interface, you can only use the keywords public, static, default, abstract, or strictfp in a method in an interface. Let's talk briefly about the strictfp keyword. The strictfp keyword is used in java for restricting floating point calculations and ensuring the same result on every platform while performing operations on the floating point variable. At this stage. You just need to know that the keyword strictfp can be used in a method inside an interface. As a result, options B and C are incorrect, void in option D is a return type. The methods in the interface can also have different return types, therefore, option D is also not the correct answer. In option E, the static keyword is given. The static keyword can be applied to the methods inside interfaces, but not to all methods. For example, if a method in an interface is declared as abstract, you cannot apply the static keyword to this method. In option F, the default keyword is given. The use of the default keyword is similar to static. The default keyword can be applied to methods inside an interface, but not to all methods. For example, if method in an interface is declared as abstract; you cannot apply the default keyword to this method. In the G option, the abstract keyword is given. in fact, before java eight, all methods and interfaces were implicitly abstract, but after Java 8, the situation changed with the use of static and default keywords. So, if a method inside an interface is static, we cannot use the abstract keyword. So, the method can only be abstract, static, or default; therefore, option G Is also incorrect. In closing, the only keyword that can be implicitly applied to all methods in an interface is public. All right, let's go on to the next question. This question is about the concept of import. It has asked how many of the imports made in the test class are unnecessary? Pause the video and try to answer it yourself, and then I'll give you the answer shortly. Yes, your answer is correct if you selected option F. Let's examine the questions now. First, a class called car was created in the pack age called vehicles. Then again in the vehicles package, a test class was created. An object of the car class was created in the main method of this class, and the value of this object was written to the console. Since the car and test classes are in the same package, the imports on lines two and three are unnecessary. In addition, since the java.lang package is automatically imported, there's no need to import this package. So, the imports on lines four and five are also unnecessary. As a result, all four of the imports are unnecessary and the answer is option F. All right, let's go on to the next question. In this question, it wants us to determine which of the following variable naming conventions is invalid. Here, you can pause the video and answer the question and I'll be giving you the answer shortly. All right. So, according to the variable name convention, options A and C are invalid. In option A, a compilation error is received due to the use of special characters. The & symbol is a special character set in java and cannot be used in variable naming. The naming in option B is valid naming. Variable names can contain an underscore and capital letters. Since double in the C option is the java keyword, this naming is invalid and will cause a compilation error. In option D, else with the first letter is used. This is valid. If all letters were in lower case, then the java keyword would be used, causing a compilation error. But in this state, we do not get any compilation errors. The expression one is used in option E. This also applies. However, if we wrote it as a number instead of a letter, we would get a compilation error since variable names cannot begin with a number or consist of only numbers. As a result, the names used in options A and C are invalid as they will cause a compilation error. All right, let's move on to the next question. This question is about access modifiers. A definition has been given, and we are asked to write the appropriate modifiers, respectively in the blanks in this definition. So, just pause the video here and try to solve it yourself and then I'll give you the answer shortly. Okay, your

answer is correct if you selected option E, but let's solve it together now. When we look at the expression given in the question, we can understand that the restrictiveness of the modifier to be written in the first space must be higher than the restrictiveness of the modifier to be written in the second space. Now, let's look at the options one by one. In option A, the modifier "public" is used for the first space and the modifier private for the second space, but public is less restrictive than private. In option B, public and protected are given, but public is less restrictive than protective. In option C, protected and default are given, but protected is less restrictive than the default. In option D, default and private are given, but default is less restrictive than private. In option E, default and public are given. This is true because default is more restrictive than the public. Therefore, the correct answer is option E. Okay, let's move on to the next question. This question is about ordering elements in a class in java. The question asks, which of these is correctly defined? Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself and then I'll give you the answer shortly. Okay, your answer is correct if you selected option B. Now, let's look at the options one by one. Two package definitions are used in option A, but there should only be one package definition in the class. Other packages must be imported with the import keyword. Therefore, the declaration in option A will cause a compilation error. Option B has the correct order. The package name is created first, followed by the import and finally by the class definition. This is the correct order and will not result in a compilation error. In option C, the same package name is used twice. Also, the second package name is used after the import definition. If line three is deleted, this definition will be correct, but if we define it in this way, we will get a compilation error. In option D, the import statement is used within the scope of the class. This is an incorrect definition. The import statement must be used after the package name and before the class definition. Therefore, the declaration in option D also causes a compilation error. As a result, the correct answer is given in option B. Okay, let's move on to the next question. Yes, this question is about package definition. There is a car class defined in the com.exam.academy package. The question asks, which option correctly provides the package definition in this car class? Here, you can pause the video and solve the question yourself, and then I'll be giving you the answer shortly. Yes, your answer is correct if you selected option D. Now, let's examine the options one by one. In option A, the car class has been added to the end of the package definition. But this is an incorrect usage. Class names are not written at the end of package definitions. Therefore, this definition will cause a compilation error. In option B, the definition part is correct, but if you notice the first letter of the word package is written in capital letters. Therefore, a compilation error occurs here as well. In option C, the first folder in the directory com is not written. Therefore we get a compilation error here as well. In option D, the package definition is created correctly; therefore, the correct answer is option D. Okay, let's move on to the next question. This question is about the usage of the final keyword with a while loop. First, a variable of type Boolean is defined, and then this variable is checked in the while condition, and the hello world statement is tried to be printed on the console. The question is, what will be the output of this code? Pause the video here and try to find the answer yourself and then I'll be giving you the answer shortly. Yes, your answer is correct if you chose option D because this code cannot be compiled. The reason why it doesn't actually compile is that the print method in the while block is not reachable, and we get an unreachable code compilation error here. Because if you notice, the Boolean type check variable is defined as final, and its initial value is set to false. In this case, the check variable is a constant and its value does not change. And since the while condition is also false, the print method here will never be accessible that's why we get a compilation error. The correct answer is option D. Okay, let's move on to the next question. This question is about polymorphism. An interface named CanGo and two classes named Car and Motorcycle have been created. Also, these classes inherit from the vehicle class. In other words, they're sub classes of the vehicle class. The vehicle class also implements the CanGo interface, and an object of class Car is wanted to be created in the Vehicle class. The question is, what statement or statements can be written in the space in line 6 so that this code can compile successfully? Pause the video here and try to find the answer yourself and then I'll be giving you the answer shortly. Yes, your answer is correct if you chose options A, B, D, and E. Now, let's look at the answer to the question. In order for this code to compile successfully, either the car class or the super classes of the car class must be written in the space in line 6. The vehicle class in option A is a super class of the car class. The car class is an extension of the vehicle class. Therefore, vehicle can be written in the space in line 6. In option B, the car class itself is given. Car class can also be written in the space in line 6. In option C, the motorcycle class is given, but there is no hierarchy between the motorcycle class and the car class. As a result, the motorcycle cannot be written here. The CanGo interface is given in option D. Since the vehicle class, which is the super class of the car class implements the CanGo interface, the CanGo interface can also be written in the space in line 6. In option E, the object class is given. Since all classes are implicitly sub classes of the object class, the object statement can be written in the space in line 6. So, the correct answers are given in options A B, D, and E. Let's move on to the next question. In this question, an interface called CanGo is given and some variables and methods are created in this interface. The question asks us to choose the correct statement about this code block. Pause the video here and try to answer yourself and I'll be giving you the answer shortly. Yes, your answer is correct if you chose option E. This code cannot be compiled due to line seven. Now, let's look at Y. Two variables are defined in line two, in addition a final keyword has been added to the variable named color. This is legal and will not cause any compilation errors. In line three, a method that returns an int value has been defined and the body of this method has been created. Notice that this method has the keyword static. If a method in an interface is static, the keyword abstract is not applied to it. Since the abstract keyword is not implemented, it must be the body of the method. Therefore, a correct definition has been made here. In line five, a method that returns a string value has been defined and the body of this method has been created. Notice that this method has the keyword default. If a method in the interface is default, the keyword abstract is not applied to it. Since the abstract keyword is not implemented, it must be the body of the method. Therefore, a correct definition has been made here. In line seven, a method that returns a Boolean value is defined and the body of this method is created. But notice that this method is not static or default, therefore, this method is implicitly an abstract method. Since it is an abstract method, this message should not have a body, so we get a compilation error at line seven. We can use three different ways to fix the compilation error. The first is to make this method static, the second is to make this method default, the third is to remove the body of this method. If we use one of these three methods, we can eliminate the compilation error, but as it is, we get a compilation error on line seven. Therefore, the correct answer is option E. Okay, let's move on to the next question. Yes, an interface name 'can go' is given in this question and a method that returns an int value is defined in this interface. Then a class named vehicle, which implements the 'can go' interface is defined and within this class, two methods that return string values and the main method are defined. And an expression in the main method was to be printed to the console using the print method. The question is, what will be the output of this code? Pause the video here and try to solve it yourself, and I'll be giving you the answer shortly. Yes, your answer is correct if you selected option D. Because of line five, this code cannot be compiled as is. Let's look at why this code won't compile. Note that the return type of the max speed method defined in the 'can go' interface is int and the parameter receives as an int type parameter. Therefore, if you're going to use this method in classes that implement this class, you must use it by overriding it. If you notice, two methods with the same name are defined in the vehicle class, which implements the can go class. However, the max speed method in line four is an overloaded version of the method in the can go interface, because it has a different kind of parameter. However, since the max speed method in line five has the same name and the same parameter as the method in the can go interface, this method must be the overridden method. So, the return type of the max speed method in line five should be int, not string, that is, the return types must be compatible with each other. Therefore, this code cannot be compiled as it is. If you make the return type of this method int or change the parameter type or change the name of this method, then the compilation error will go away. All right, let's go on to the next question. In this question, a method has been created. A space is left after the method definition and an exception statement is written. In addition, after a second space was left inside the method, an exception was again written. The question is, what statements to write in space is one and two respectively, so that this code can compile? Here you can pause the video and try to solve it yourself, and I'll be giving you the answer shortly. Yes, your answer is correct if you selected option D. Because we use the throw's keyword right after the method definition. In the method, we could specify the exception that may occur by using the throw new statement. For this reason, the expression throws should be written in space one and throw new should be written in space two. The answer is given in option D. Okay, let's move on to the next question. Two variables of type integer are given in this question. A value of five is set to variable A and a value of zero to variable B. The output of the A divided by B operation was then desired to be printed to the console. The question is, what will be the output of this code block? You can pause the video here and solve the question yourself. I'll be giving the answer shortly. Yes, your answer is correct if you chose option D. If you remember, we were getting an arithmetic exception instead of a compiler error when a number was divided by zero. We have given examples of this in our lessons. So, this code compiles, but we get the division by zero arithmetic exception. The correct answer is option D. Okay, let's move on to the next question. In this question, first an object of class object is created and an integer value is passed to this object. Later this object was cast into a string object, and finally the object of type string is printed to the console. The question is, what will be the output of this code? Pause the video here and try to find the answer yourself, and then I'll be giving you the answer shortly. Yes, your answer is correct if you selected option E. Please note that an object with an integer value is being converted to an object of the type string. However, the conversion process here cannot be done with cast. If this operation were done using the value of method of the string class, the value of five would be printed on the console screen without any error. However, since the cast operation is performed here, no compilation error occurs, but when the code is run we get the class cast exception. As a result, the answer is given in option E. Okay, let's move on to the next question. Which of the following provides joint communication between the software team and the field expert and expresses that joint communication should be ensured? A, domain model, B, layered architecture, C, bounded context, D, ubiquitous language. Pause the video here and try to find the answer yourself, and then I'll be giving you the answer shortly. Yes, D is the correct answer. The ubiquitous language provides common communication between the software team and the domain expert and expresses that it should be provided. Although domain experts have deep and sufficient knowledge of their field, they may not know anything about software development. The same can be valid for a software developer, and there may be no information about the area to be studied. In such a case, domain driven design recommends a common language between the software developer and the domain experts, so that both parties can understand it easily. Okay, let's move on to the next question. In the domain, which concept is defined by its identity rather than its attributes? A, repository, B, entity, C, value objects, D, aggregates? Pause the video here and try to find the answer yourself, and then I'll be giving you the answer shortly. Yes, B is the correct answer. An entity represents a concept in your domain that is defined by its identity rather than its attributes. Although an entity's identity remains fixed throughout its lifecycle, its attributes may change. Okay, let's move on to the next question. Which of the following is not one of the layers found in a common architectural solution for domain driven designs? A, application layer, B, presentation layer, C, superstructure layer, D, infrastructure layer. Pause the video here and try to find the answer yourself, and then I'll be giving you the answer shortly. Yes, C is the correct answer. A common architectural solution for domain driven designs contains four conceptual layers; presentation layer, application layer, domain layer and infrastructure layer. However, there is no layer called the superstructure layer. Our course is now completed. We hope that this course fulfilled your expectations and that you're now comfortable with microservices, java, spring and databases. We hope you now have the confidence to pursue the Enterprise Microservices Developer programmer certification, and we hope to see you soon.

Microservices Exam Questions - Part Two